Бесплатный автореферат и диссертация по биологии на тему
Цитогенетика доместицированных птиц
ВАК РФ 03.00.15, Генетика
Заключение Диссертация по теме "Генетика", Родионов, Александр Викентьевич
Выводы.
1. Разработаны карты 0-блоков митотических хромосом курицы и СМА-блоков митотических хромосом курицы, японского перепела, виргинского перепела, индейки, цесарки.
2. Изучены кариотипы двух видов уток и их гибридов и показано, что у гибридных эмбрионов на ранних стадиях эмбрионального развития наблюдается локус-специфичная блокада конденсации хромосом.
3. Разработан алгоритм идентификации МА-ЛЩ кур, японских перепелов, индеек, построены карты хромосом-ЛЩ курицы и перепела (карты сверхвысокого разрешения). Изучено соответствие рисунка СКСЗ)-сегментов хромомеро-петлевому рисунку хромосом-ЛЩ.
4. Изучена частота кроссинговера в оогенезе трех видов доместицированных птиц (курица, японский перепел, индейка), определена генетическая длина всех МА и геномов в целом у этих видов. Показано, что генетические расстояния между молекулярными маркерами на стандартных генетических картах, разрабатываемых в рамках международной программы картирования генома курицы СШСКМАР, лишь частично определяются частотой кроссинговера.
5. Построены карты генетического (определяемого кроссинговером) сцепления между хромосомными маркерами хромосом-ЛЩ и митотических хромосом кур.
6. Показано, что кариотипы птиц представляют собой особый вариант хромосомной организации геномов позвоночных. Исследованы молекулярные и структурные механизмы особого типа дифференциальной О-исчерчености хромосом птиц, изучены особенности молекулярной композиции МИ и МА птиц. Методом пульс-электрофореза определен минимальный размер МИ в кариотипе кур.
7. Изучена связь между АТ/ОС-обогащенностью эухроматиновых районов хромосом и их генетическими характеристиками. Показана, связь
405 между ОС-обогащенностью хромосомы и частотой рекомбинации, обогащением ее генами. Показано, что О-блоки относительно генетически инертны. Обосновано положение об относительной насыщенности МИ птиц генами.
8. Изучены основные закономерности эволюции кариотипов птиц и показано, на птиц каких отрядов могут быть уверенно экстраполированы результаты генетического и физического картирования генов единственного среди птиц объекта молекулярно-цитогенетических исследований - домашней курицы.
9. Разработана концепция эволюции блочной структуры хромосом в ходе дивергенции основных ветвей эукариот.
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Библиография Диссертация по биологии, доктора биологических наук, Родионов, Александр Викентьевич, Санкт-Петербург
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909. Считаю долгом выразить благодарность проф. кафедры генетики СПбГУ А.Ф.Смирнову и В.Г.Смирнову, общение с которыми определило сферу моих научных интересов. Я также благодарен проф. Т.С.Фадеевой,
910. B. В. Кодеру ба, Е.О.Пуниной, Дж.Бернарда, С.Сакконе. На разных этапах исследований, участие в них принимали мои студенты и аспиранты Т.В.Кузнецова, А.Э.Бороздин, Л.А.Челышева, О.М.Раскина, Е.В.Сабанеева, Ю.А.Мякошина, О.В.Шкурко, Р.В.Амбурладае,
911. C.А.Галкина, Н.М.Вишнякова, О.Ф.Канашина, К.В.Захарова, А.М.Пичугин, Е.В.Васильева, Е.С.Ким. Всем им я глубоко признателен за радость совместной работы,
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Родионов, Александр Викентьевич
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доктора биологических наук
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Санкт-Петербург, 2001
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ВАК 03.00.15
- Эволюционный консерватизм и композиционная гетерогенность хромосом птиц
- Популяционно-генетические основы сохранения ресурсов генофондов доместицированных видов животных
- Молекулярно-цитогенетический анализ генома птиц
- Криоконсервация семени для сохранения и рационального использования биоразнообразия овец
- Центромерные районы хромосом и ассоциированные с ними структуры в ядрах растущих ооцитов птиц
